With reference to Ocean Acidification and marine chemistry, consider the following statements:
1. Ocean acidification is primarily caused by seawater absorbing excess atmospheric carbon dioxide
($CO_2$), forming carbonic acid ($H_2CO_3$).
2. The increase in hydrogen ion concentration decreases the concentration of carbonate ions ($CO_3^{2-
}$), impairing calcification in marine organisms.
3. Cold water oceans absorb less $CO_2$ than warm water oceans, making tropical coral reefs most
vulnerable to ocean acidification.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?