Discuss the impact of post-liberal economy on ethnic identity and communalism.

Ujjain’s Simhastha preparations and heritage-led development raise questions about balancing pilgrimage, urban infrastructure and cultural conservation. Examine. (150 words)

Recent controversies surrounding the Election Commission and electoral-roll revision raise questions about institutional independence and voter inclusion. Examine the constitutional safeguards and challenges. (150 words)

Persistent foreign portfolio outflows highlight the vulnerability of emerging-market capital flows to global risk perceptions. Discuss the implications for India and policy responses. (150 words)

‘Public institutions gain legitimacy not merely from legal authority but from citizens’ trust in their fairness.’ Discuss with reference to electoral administration. (150 words)

"Constitutionally guaranteed judicial independence is a prerequisite of democracy." Comment.

Who are entitled to receive free legal aid? Assess the role of the National Legal Services Authority (NALSA) in rendering free legal aid in India.

"The states in India seem reluctant to empower urban local bodies both functionally as well as financially." Comment.

Compare and contrast the British and Indian approaches to Parliamentary sovereignty.

Discuss the role of Presiding Officers of state legislatures in maintaining order and impartiality in conducting legislative work and in facilitating best democratic practices.